1. Automobiles
Automobiles are a great part of industrialisation in that they are considered important elements in a prosperous society. It is impossible to find a progressive city without any car running along its highways and byways.
Over the years, people move and transfer to distance places to start a new family or career. For this reason, they need good modes of transport to access schools, workplaces, churches, stores, hospitals, and other establishments, as well as to visit distant family and friends. Thankfully, there are vehicles like ambulance, delivery truck, private cars and school bus that help a lot of individuals to bridge distances. With the presence of these vehicles, it is relatively easy to roam around cities and towns through its road networks.2. Mirrors
A mirror is an object with at least one reflective surface. The most familiar type of mirror is the plane mirror, which has a flat surface. Curved mirrors are also used, to produce magnified or diminished images or focus light or simply distort the reflected image.
Mirrors are commonly used for personal grooming or admiring one's self (in which case the old-fashioned term "looking-glass" can be used), decoration, and architecture. Mirrors are also used in scientific apparatus such as telescopes and lasers, cameras, and industrial machinery. Most mirrors are designed for visible light; however, mirrors designed for other types of waves or other wavelengths of electromagnetic radiationare also used, especially in non-optical instruments.
3. The INTERNET
The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW) and the infrastructure to support electronic mail.
Most traditional communications media including telephone, music, film, and television are being reshaped or redefined by the Internet. Newspaper, book and other print publishing are having to adapt to Web sites and blogging. The Internet has enabled or accelerated new forms of human interactions through instant messaging, Internet forums, and social networking. Online shopping has boomed both for major retail outlets and small artisans and traders. Business-to-business and financial services on the Internet affect supply chains across entire industries.
The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s with both private and United States military research into robust, fault-tolerant, and distributed computer networks. The funding of a new U.S. backbone by the National Science Foundation, as well as private funding for other commercial backbones, led to worldwide participation in the development of new networking technologies, and the merger of many networks. The commercialization of what was by then an international network in the mid 1990s resulted in its popularization and incorporation into virtually every aspect of modern human life. As of 2009, an estimated quarter of Earth's population used the services of the Internet.
The Internet has no centralized governance in either technological implementation or policies for access and usage; each constituent network sets its own standards. Only the overreaching definitions of the two principal name spaces in the Internet, the Internet Protocol address space and the Domain Name System, are directed by a maintainer organization, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). The technical underpinning and standardization of the core protocols (IPv4 and IPv6) is an activity of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), a non-profit organization of loosely affiliated international participants that anyone may associate with by contributing technical expertise.
Electric power transmission or "high voltage electric transmission" is the bulk transfer of electrical energy, from generating power plants to substations located near to population centers. This is distinct from the local wiring between high voltage substations and customers, which is typically referred to aselectricity distribution. Transmission lines, when interconnected with each other, become high voltage transmission networks. In the US, these are typically referred to as "power grids" or sometimes simply as "the grid", while in the UK the network is known as the "national grid." North America has three major grids: The Western Interconnection; The Eastern Interconnection and the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (or ERCOT) grid.
Historically, transmission and distribution lines were owned by the same company, but over the last decade or so many countries have introduced market reforms that have led to the separation of the electricity transmission business from the distribution business.
Transmission lines mostly use three phase alternating current (AC), although single phase AC is sometimes used in railway electrification systems. High-voltage direct current (HVDC) technology is used only for very long distances (typically greater than 400 miles, or 600 km); submarine power cables (typically longer than 30 miles, or 50 km); or for connecting two AC networks that are not synchronized.
Electricity is transmitted at high voltages (110 kV or above) to reduce the energy lost in long distance transmission. Power is usually transmitted throughoverhead power lines. Underground power transmission has a significantly higher cost and greater operational limitations but is sometimes used in urban areas or sensitive locations.
A key limitation in the distribution of electricity is that, with minor exceptions, electrical energy cannot be stored, and therefore it must be generated as it is needed. A sophisticated system of control is therefore required to ensure electric generation very closely matches the demand. If supply and demand are not in balance, generation plants and transmission equipment can shut down which, in the worst cases, can lead to a major regional blackout, such as occurred in California and the US Northwest in 1996 and in the US Northeast in 1965, 1977 and 2003. To reduce the risk of such failures, electric transmission networks are interconnected into regional, national or continental wide networks thereby providing multiple redundant alternate routes for power to flow should (weather or equipment) failures occur. Much analysis is done by transmission companies to determine the maximum reliable capacity of each line which is mostly less than its physical or thermal limit, to ensure spare capacity is available should there be any such failure in another part of the network.
5. Television
Television is a medium characterized by the simultaneous dissemination and reproduction (often thousands of miles away) of either a scene captured and shown while it is taking place, or the recording of such a scene or scenes that took place earlier.
Television was not invented by one person, but by several persons, often working with competing technologies. Television as we know it today is electronic, which is the only form of television to become popular. Television might have become popular much sooner than it did, except that the Great Depression intervened shortly after the actual invention of the medium and made the medium a prohibitively expensive extravagance.
Television was not invented by one person, but by several persons, often working with competing technologies. Television as we know it today is electronic, which is the only form of television to become popular. Television might have become popular much sooner than it did, except that the Great Depression intervened shortly after the actual invention of the medium and made the medium a prohibitively expensive extravagance.
Following the end of the Second World War and the tremendous prosperity that followed, television captured the interest of the public, especially in the United States.
Television is both a dissemination medium and a means of recording motion pictures for later review, transmittal and exhibition.
6. Computer
The importance of science can never be over emphasized. Throughout history man has used his intelligence and technical knowledge to investigate and invent things which have had great impact on the growth and development of the culture and civilization.
However in the present century the pace of growth in scientific knowledge and inventions has been tremendous. Computer is one of those new discoveries which have totally changed the course of the modern scientific inquiry. Computer has become so much in very day life today that no sphere of activity in modern world can afford to ignore it. From space to business world and from entertainment to education use of computer has become a basic requirement in laboratories, offices and homes.
It is a machine which never gets tired and is ready to serve us at our commands. It is the most obedient pupil. In developing societies as well knowledge of computer operation and programming is becoming an integral part of school education. A computer is basically an electronic device capable of processing information and data.
Any information fed to it can be arranged and presented in more easily understandable and more useful form. All this is possible to carrying out simple arithmetic and complex mathematical operations on data by arranging random piece of work or information in a way that make sense. Computer can carry out logical operations i.e comparing a word with a word stored in memory and to decide whether two numbers are greater than less than or equal to each other (http://trcb.com).
7. Watch
According to wikipedia, a watch is a timepiece that is made to be worn on a person. Usually, it is worn on the wrist with a strap or bracelet. Modern watches often display the day, date, month and year; electronic watches may have many other functions.
Most inexpensive and medium-priced are electronic watches with quartz movements.Expensive, collectible watches valued more for their workmanship and aesthetic appeal than for simple timekeeping have purely mechanical movements and are powered by springs. Although mechanical movements are less accurate than more affordable quartz movements.
Before wristwatches became popular in the 1920s, most watches were pocket watches, which often had covers and were carried in a pocket and attached to a watch chain or watch fob. Watches evolved in the 17th century from spring powered clocks, which appeared in the 15th century.
8. Photocopy Machine
According to Wikipedia, A photocopier (also known as a copier or copy machine) is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual images quickly and cheaply. Most current photocopiers use a technology called xerography, a dry process using heat. Xerographic office photocopying was introduced by Xerox in 1959, and it gradually replaced copies made by Verifax, Photostat, carbon paper, mimeograph machines, and other duplicating machines. The prevalence of its use is one of the factors that prevented the development of the paperless office heralded early in the digital revolution.
9. Hypodermic Needle
Intravenous injection has started long time ago. However, Charles Gabriel Pravaz and Alexander Wood were the first to develop a syringe with a needle fine enough to pierce the skin in 1853. This opened doors to more developments in the field of medicines. Vaccines are easier to administer because of the syringe. Medicines that need to be absorbed fast can be administered via injection. The first use of the invention of Pravas and Wood was to inject morphine as a painkiller.
10. Incandescent Bulb
Contrary to the popular belief that Thomas Alva Edison was the original inventor of the incandescent bulb, he only improved a 50-year old invention. Humphry Davy was the first one to experiment with electricity and produce a glowing carbon filament. Sir Joseph Swan developed a lamp which takes a longer time to burn than the one invented by Davy. In 1879, Edison discovered that a carbon filament in an oxygen-free bulb glowed but did not burn up for 40 hours. Edison eventually produced a bulb that could glow for over 1500 hours. Imagine life without this invention. Working at night which brought many changes to our society won't be possible without this wonderful invention.
Television is both a dissemination medium and a means of recording motion pictures for later review, transmittal and exhibition.
6. Computer
However in the present century the pace of growth in scientific knowledge and inventions has been tremendous. Computer is one of those new discoveries which have totally changed the course of the modern scientific inquiry. Computer has become so much in very day life today that no sphere of activity in modern world can afford to ignore it. From space to business world and from entertainment to education use of computer has become a basic requirement in laboratories, offices and homes.
It is a machine which never gets tired and is ready to serve us at our commands. It is the most obedient pupil. In developing societies as well knowledge of computer operation and programming is becoming an integral part of school education. A computer is basically an electronic device capable of processing information and data.
Any information fed to it can be arranged and presented in more easily understandable and more useful form. All this is possible to carrying out simple arithmetic and complex mathematical operations on data by arranging random piece of work or information in a way that make sense. Computer can carry out logical operations i.e comparing a word with a word stored in memory and to decide whether two numbers are greater than less than or equal to each other (http://trcb.com).7. Watch
According to wikipedia, a watch is a timepiece that is made to be worn on a person. Usually, it is worn on the wrist with a strap or bracelet. Modern watches often display the day, date, month and year; electronic watches may have many other functions.
Most inexpensive and medium-priced are electronic watches with quartz movements.Expensive, collectible watches valued more for their workmanship and aesthetic appeal than for simple timekeeping have purely mechanical movements and are powered by springs. Although mechanical movements are less accurate than more affordable quartz movements.
Before wristwatches became popular in the 1920s, most watches were pocket watches, which often had covers and were carried in a pocket and attached to a watch chain or watch fob. Watches evolved in the 17th century from spring powered clocks, which appeared in the 15th century.
8. Photocopy Machine
According to Wikipedia, A photocopier (also known as a copier or copy machine) is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual images quickly and cheaply. Most current photocopiers use a technology called xerography, a dry process using heat. Xerographic office photocopying was introduced by Xerox in 1959, and it gradually replaced copies made by Verifax, Photostat, carbon paper, mimeograph machines, and other duplicating machines. The prevalence of its use is one of the factors that prevented the development of the paperless office heralded early in the digital revolution.
9. Hypodermic Needle
10. Incandescent Bulb
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